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C. BENZ. GARBURBTOR.

Ne.ss2,585. Petentedlvey`a,1888.

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UNITED STATES;

CARL BENZ, oF MANNHEIM,-

PATENT' Ormea?? BADEN, GERMANY, AssiGNoB 'ro BENZ aco., oEsAMEBLAcE. e.

oARBuBETo-R.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent Nofaaases, dated May8.-,1ae8.

Application filed October 24, 1887. Serial Nol253,199. (No model.)Patented in France March 25. 1886, No. 175,027, and in England April 2B,1886, No. 5,789.

.To all whom it may concern.; s

Beit known that I, CARL BENZ, a subject A.ci

v the Grand Duke of Baden, and a resident of' Mannheim, in the Empire ofGermany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in aCarburetor for Operating a Motor for Vehicles, (for which I haveobtained Letters Patent in England, No. 5,789, dated April 28,1886,

and in France, No. 175,027, dated March 25,

4io 1886,) ofwhich the following is a full and clear description.

The invention has for its object to overcome the injurious effectsexercised upon the generator by the shaking or jolting fof the vehicle,to be able to construct the generator of the lightest material possible,and to prevent an explosion or combustion of the whole gasstore; and theinvention consists in the arrangement of disks inside the generatorproper 2o above 'the levelV of the iiuid, preventing the movement of thefluid but allowing the vapors to pass through such disks, in a devicefor equalizing the pressure within and outside of the generator, and ina peculiarlyconstructed 2 5 gas and air mixing chamber.

These improvements are shown in the accompanying drawings, in which-Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of the gasgenerator on line .rw ofFig. 2. Fig. 2 is a 3o transverse sectional vview on line y y of Fig. 1.Fig. 3 shows the gas and air mixing chamber in a longitudinal section.Fig. 4 is a similar view of a modified construction of themixingchamber. Fig. 5 is an enlarged side view of 3 5 part of thefeed-valve from the tank or reservoir. Fig. 6 is an end view of thesame, and

Fig. 7 is a complete side elevation of my gasgenerating apparatus inconnection with a motor having a horizontally-mounted workingcylinder.

Similar letters of reference indicate similar parts throughout theseveral views.

In the drawings, D is the tank lled with benzine, ,gfasolinapetroleum7naphtha,or simi v4 5 lar evaporative oil, and being mounted on suitablestandards, d, von top ofthe generator A C.

The tank D may be of any shape whatever, f and it needs not stand on thegenerator; butI prefer to mount itin that manner, since there tom,standing in connection with the sliding is generally but tile 100111 onthe vehicle. `5er:

Fo'riillingthe tank .or reservoir D, it is priovided with Van oriceclosed by a' screw-cap, n.1' Besides that it hasfrecess d', of circularor cylindrical form,on its lower side,inade to correspond tothe sizeofthe cover V of the gen- 5 5 eratr-vessel,being situated below, so thatthe 'cover V may enter into said recesswhen being raised or lifted. Apipe, o, is led from tank D to and into a gage-glass, p, said pipehaving aregulating-valve, x, and a stop-cock, l g.,Thespindleuof.theregulating-valvepasses` throughthe tank D,and isprovided with screwgL n threads u2 near its lower end, by whichwit is Esecured in and guided through a small hinge-.H like support, r, beingfastened to the bottomjg y ofthe tank. The point or end of spindle-'aisvprovided with'a radial groove, fand tits'intof` the upper end of' pipeo. The lowerl part off? this feed-valveis surrounded by a perforatedcap,"t, for retaining all impurities of thefoil and preventing them fromentering pipel o.

The generator consistsof two vessels, Aand C. Vessel C is inserted orhung up in vessel A, nearly touching the bottom of the latter. Vessel Ahas a recess or dome, A', at its botvalvelcase G of the motor' H by apipe, b, as shown in Fig. 7, pipe b being broken away near its ends. Thedome is also provided with an outlet-port, c, near its bottom,rfor theescape of the waste gases coming through pipe b from the slidingvalve-box G. The outside cylinder, A, is also provided with a screw=valve, h, with slits h for the entrance of air. To'the top of said domeA is secured a stud, b', being provided with several disks, B, of sheetmetal, being slit radially, and the radiA ating wings so formed are bentinto an inclined position,-resembling the sails of a windmill. Thelcover V of cylinder G is constructed to l9o serveas a safety-valve, andis provided witha t shaft or pin, o', passing through the same andthrough a hub or neck,'tc', of vessel O, and be, f ing provided with aspiral springf, larranged and constructed to keep the coverfirmly upon95 the generator at ordinary pressurewithin the generator. lL y 'I heoutsidecylinder, A, of the generator` is vof connected to thegage-glassp by two short pipes, s and s, the one entering said glassnear its top, the other at the bottom end. Pipe sis also incommunication with generator C by a very thin pipe, i. A pipe, g, leadsfrom the top end of generator C to the mixing-chamber F,which isnecessary for the production of the explosive mixture. Thismixing-chamber I may construct in two ways. That one shown in Figs. 3and 7,consists ofthe mantle orjacket F, being provided with a projectingpipe, f, having small openings 7c and a screw-cap, m, and of a pipe, Z,being inserted in said jacket and leading to the sliding valve-box G ofthe motor. This pipel is also provided with perforations p inside themantle F, which latter may be divided in two parts by a partition, f.

ln the construction of the mixing-chamber shown in Fig. 4 the pipe g,coming from the generator, enters the jacket F, and is closedat itsend,and is perforated in same manner as pipe Z of Fig. 3. Thejacket F inthis case has no projecting pipe, but is perforated itself near the endat which pipe g is guided into it. To the opposite end ot' the jacket isconnected pipe?, leading into the sliding valvebox g in same manner asshown in Fig. 7.

The mixing apparatus as first described I preferably employ in suchcases where my gasgenerating apparatus is used for working a motorhaving a horizontal cylinder, while I prefer the construction of saidmixing-chamber,as illustrated by Fig. 4, in connection with an uprightstanding motor.

After having thus described the construction of my apparatus, I shallnow proceed to explain the manner in Vwhich this apparatus isoperated,which is as follows: The evaporative oils, being tilled intothe reservoir I), will run through pipe 0 and gage-glassp into thegenerator C and the surrounding cylinder A when feed-valve u andstop-cock g are widely opened. This I do before starting the machine,which has to be fed from my generator, and I allow the oils to. flowinto the generator until the level of the fluid is about as high as isshown in Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings. I then close stop-cock qand regulate feed-valve u, so that the liuid can only enter the pipe oin drops-i. e., in proportion to the quantity of oil being evaporated inthe generator C. The oils consist, as already told, of benzine,ligroine, or the like hydrocarbons which already commence to evaporateat ordinary temperature-that is, at about 65 to Fahrenheit. The vaporswill pass up in the generator C, through the slits of disks B into pipeg, and thence into the gas and air mixing chamber F. Referring to Figs.3 and 7, the vapors enter said chamber from below, go through openings pof pipe Z, and thence into the sliding valve-box G. When entering pipeZ, the vapors are mixed very intimately with the atmospheric air comingthrough the perforated pipef, and thus a powerful explosive mixture isproduced. It will happen sometimes that the mixture meets burningparticles of the gases from the preceding explosion in the slidingvalve-case G, and these particles will then iniame the entering currentof vapor, but an explosion will only take place up to the point wherethe air is fed to the vapors. A further explosion in the gas apparatus`is rendered impossible, and only materialfor one explosion in thecylinder is lost, the store of the gas-generator being preserved. Theconstruction of the mixing-cham- F outside the gas generator istherefore a chief point in my present improvements.

The waste gases from the motor-cylinder H are conducted back to thegenerator through pipe b, (see Fig. 7,-) and enter the dome a, wherethey communicate their heat to the petroleum or similar fuel in thegenerator, and thus increase the evaporation of the latter. They nallypass out of the generator through pipe c.

When the pressure within the generator should become too great, thecover V of the generator will be raised by the force of the vapors, andthe latter then escape into the air; but this will rarely happen, forthe pressure within and outside the generator C is equalized byregulating-screw h of the cylinder A, and by pipe t', connecting the topend of the generator C with cylinder A, as can be plainly seen inFig. 1. When the pressure without is greater than within, atmosphericair will enter through the openings h of screwcap 7L into the cylinderA, and thence through pipe s and z' into the generator C; but thc amountof air passing through pipe t' into the generator will be very small,since the air will press at the same time on the liquid in vessel A inthe direction of the arrows, and the level of said liquid will fall invessel A and rise in the generator O, and the air will even enterthrough the fuel into the generator. The quantity of air thusintroduced, however, will not be suicient to render the vapors or gaseswithin generator explosible. That property the gases attain after theyhave entered the mixing-chamber, as already told. Beside, it must bementioned that the quantity of air entering the cylinder or mantle A maybe regulated by screw-valve h, as will be understood without furtherexplanation, and the air entering the vesselA also serves for cooling orchilling the'generator G.

The oil within the gage-glassp always stands upon the same level as thatin the generator, as the latter is connected to the gage-glass by pipess and s, the former for the circulation of the liquid, the latter forthat of thegases, so that both matters-ei. e., the pressure of thesematters-is equal in the ga ge-glass p and generator C.

The' mixing-chamber F, as shown in Fig. 4, is based on the sameprinciple as that in Fig. 3. The gases enter inV this case through pipeg into the chamber F, where they meet with the atmospheric air comingthrough openings k, and both are mixed and drawn otf through pipe l intothe sliding valve-box G.

IIO

The current of air entering the mixingchamber through openings k may beregulated in both constructions by a cap or ring, m, which can loescrewed or shoved over part of these openings m.

When the vehicle on which mygenerator is mounted should be tossed aboutor j olting, the fuel .within the vessel C is prevented from movement bydisks B, and thus the amount of evaporating gases will be a constantone.

My improved gas-generator may be used for working gasenginesof anyconstruction; but it is especially adapted for vehicles or small boats,as it is very safe and as its weight is decreased as much as ever willbe possible.

I am aware that prior to my invention gas generators have beenconstructed in which-the generated gas was produced from hydrocarbonswhichv evaporate at a low temperature. I do not, therefore, claim such.an apparatus, broadly; but

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,.is-

- l. In earbureting apparatus, the combina-4 tion of a hood, C,suspended within the casing A, with the disks B, said ydisks beingfastened to the top of dome A and being slit, and the slotted partsbeing bent at an angle to the horizontal plane ofthe disks, andthemiXer,'F,

substantially as and for .the purpose sety forth.

2. In rcarbureting apparatus, the, combination of an outer casing, A,with a screw-valve,-

h, for regulating the admission of airinto said casing, an inner hood,C, open at the` bottom and suspended in said casing A, said hood beingprovided with an outlet, g, for thefgen-v v erated vapors generated fromthe liquid in the hood C- and casing A, and the disksB within the hoodC, substantially in the manner and forthe purpose set forth.

3. In carbureting apparatus, the combination of a feeding deviceconsisting of apipe, o,

:connecting the reservoir D with the casing A,

and avalvespindle,u, passing through the tank D, and provided with ahandle, u', and screw u2, for regulating the valve w', and With thegroove o, in connection with the gage-glass p,

'communicating with the reservoir D bythe pipe o 'and with the casing Aby the pipes s and s', substantially in the manner and for thel purposeset forth.

In witness whereof I hereunto set my hand

